HUBUNGAN ANTARA IL-6 ADENOID DAN TONSILA PALATINA DENGAN IL-6 SERUM PADA ADENOTONSILITIS KRONIS HIPERTROFI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.majalahkesehatan.005.02.4Keywords:
adenoid, adenotonsilitis kronis hipertrofi, IL-6, tonsilAbstract
 Adanya inflamasi lokal persisten pada Adenotonsilitis Kronis Hipertrofi (ATKH) menyebabkan perubahan histomorfologi berupa hiperplasi dan hipertrofi limfoid yang berhubungan dengan proliferasi sel T dan sel B. IL-6 berperan pada inflamasi kronis melalui rekrutmen monosit ke daerah inflamasi dan mengubah keseimbangan Th1/Th2 menuju dominasi Th2. Kadar IL-6 jaringan dan serum meningkat pada ATKH, namun hubungan kadar IL-6 pada adenoid dan tonsila palatina dengan kadar IL-6 serum belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar IL-6 adenoid dan tonsila palatine dengan kadar IL-6 serum. Penelitian ini melibatkan 8 anak dengan kasus ATKH (rata-rata umur: 9,63 ± 3,23  tahun dan 8 anak kontrol sehat (rata-rata umur: 10,6 ± 3.02 tahun). Kadar IL-6 diperiksa dari serum, adenoid, dan tonsila palatina dengan metode ELISA. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan independent t-test, uji korelasi, dan regresi linear. Hasil penelitian ini kadar IL-6 serum kelompok kasus lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan kontrol sehat (p < 0,05). Terdapat hubungan positif yang bermakna antara kadar IL-6 adenoid dengan serum (r = 0,881, p = 0,004). Sedangkan antara kadar IL-6 tonsila palatina dengan serum menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang tidak bermakna (r = 0,556, p = 0,197). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar IL-6 pada adenoid berhubungan positip dengan kadar IL-6 serum.
Â
References
Brodsky L, Poje C. Tonsillitis, Tonsillectomy, and Adenoidectomy. In: Bailey BJ, Johnson JT, Newlands SD, (Editors). Head & Neck Surgery Otolaryngology. 4th edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2006. P. 1184-1198.
Von Andrian U, Mempel T. Homing and Cellular Traffic in Lymphnodes. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2003; 3:867-878.
Passali D, Damiani V, Passali G, Passali F, Boccazzi A, Bellussi L. Structural and Immunological Characteristics of Chronically Inflamed Adenotonsillar Tissue in Childhood. American Society for Microbiology. 2004; 11(6):1154-1157.
Barnes T, Anderson M, Moots R. The Many Faces of Interleukin-6: The Role of IL-6 in Inflamation, Vasculopathy, and Fibrosis in Systemic Sclerosis. International Journal of Rheumatology. 2011; 1-6.
Kishimoto T. IL-6 : from Its Discovery to Clinical Applications. International Immunology. 2010; 22(5):347-352.
Esteitic R, Emani J, Sharma S, Suskind D, Baroody F. Effect of Fluticasone Furoate on Interleukin 6 Secretion from Adenoid Tissue in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011; 137(6):576-582.
Kim J, Bhattacharjee R, Dayyat E, Snow A, Gozal L, Goldman J, et al. Increased Cellular Proliferation and Inflammatory Cytokines in Tonsils Derived From Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Pediatric Research. 2009; 66(4):423-428.
Alberti A, Sarchielli P, Gallinella E, Floridi A, Mazzotta G, Gallai V. Plasma Cytokine Levels in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: a Preliminary Study. J Sleep Res. 2003; 12:305-311.
Gabay C. Interleukin-6 and Chronic Inflamation. Arthritis Research & Therapy. 2006; 8(2):1-6.
Fujioka M, Young L, Girdany B. Radiographic Evaluation of Adenoidal Size in Children: Adenoidal-Nasopharyngeal Ratio. AJR. 1979; 133:401-404.
Lopez-Gonzalez M, Diaz P, Delgado F, Lucas M. Lack of Lymphoid Cell Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis of Tonsillar Hypertrophy as Compared to Recurrent Tonsillitis. Eur J Pediatr. 1999; 158:469-473.
Barlow S. Expert Committee Recommendations Regarding the Prevention, Assessment, and Treatment of Child and Adolescent Overweight and Obesity: Summary Report. Pediatrics. 2007; 120:s164-s192.
Kuczmarski R, Ogden C, Guo S. 2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States:Methods and Development. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat. 2002; 11(246):31-32, 178-185.
Kishve S, Kumar N, Kishve P, Aarif S, Kalakoti P. Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders in Paediatric Patients at a Rural Hospital in India. Australasian Medical Journal. 2010; 3(12):786-790.
Sing T. Pattern of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Diseases in Outpatient Clinic of a Malaysian Hospital. The Internet Journal of Head and Neck Surgery. 2007; 2(1).
Gallistl S, Sudi K, Aigner R, Borkenstein M. Changes in Serum Interleukin-6 Concentrations in Obese Children and Adolescents during a Weight Reduction Program. International Journal of Obesity. 2001; 25:1640-1643.
Motta G, Motta S, Cassano P, Conticello S, Ferretti M, Galletti B, et al. Effects of Guidelines on Adeno-tonsillar Surgery on the Clinical Behaviour of Otorhinolaryngologists in Italy. BMC Ear, Nose and Throat Disorders. 2013; 13:1-7.
Owings M, Kozak L. Ambulatory and Inpatient Procedures in the United States, 1996. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat. 1998; 13(139):1-127.
SMF Ilmu Kesehatan THT-KL RSU Dr. Saiful Anwar. Dalam: Laporan Tahunan. Malang; 2010.
SMF Ilmu Kesehatan THT-KL RSU Dr Saiful Anwar. Dalam: Laporan Tahunan. Malang; 2011.
Alatas N, Baba F. Proliferating Active Cells, Lymphocyte Subsets, and Dendritic Cells in Recurrent Tonsilitis. Their Effect on Hypertrophy. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008; 134(5):477-483.
Odemis E, Catal F, Karadag A, Kurtaran H, Ark N, Mete E. Assessment of Cardiac Function and Rheumatic Heart Disease in Children with Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy. Journal of the National Medical Association. 2006; 98(12):1973-1976.
Komorowska A, Komorowski J, Banasik M, Lewkowicz P, Tchórzewski H. Cytokines Locally Produced by Lymphocytes Removed from the Hypertrophic Nasopharyngeal and Palatine Tonsils. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 2005; 69(7):937-941.
Raj D. Role of Interleukin-6 in the Anemia of Chronic Disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2009; 38:382-388.
Kelishadi R, Nilforoushan N, Okhovat A, Amra B, Poursafa P, Rogha M. Effects of Adenoidectomy on Markers of Endothelial Function and Inflamation in Normal-weight and Overweight Prepubescent Children with Sleep Apnea. JRMS. 2011; 16:387-394.
Tauman R, O'Brien L, Gozal D. Hypoxemia and Obesity Modulate Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 Levels in Sleep Disordered Breathing. Sleep Breath. 2007; 11:77-84.
Keicolt-Glaser J, Preacher K, MacCallum R, Atkinson C, Malarkey W, Glaser R. Chronic Stress and Age Related Increases in the Proinflamatory Cytokine IL-6. PNAS. 2003; 100(15):9090-9095.
Baratawidjaya K, Rengganis I. Imunologi Dasar. Edisi ke-9. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia. 2010.
Gorfien J, Noble B, Hard R, Brodsky L. Quantitative Study of Germinal Center Area in Normal and Diseased Tonsils Using Image Analysis. The Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology. 1999; 108:398-402.
Diehl S, Rincon M. The Two Faces of IL-6 on Th1/Th2 Differentiation. Molecular Immunology. 2002; 39:531-536.
Deyer J, Choy E. Therapeutic Targets in Rheumatoid Arthritis : the Interleukin-6 Receptor. Rheumatology. 2010; 49:15-24.
Kaygusuz I, Gödekmerdan A, Karlidag T, Keles E, Yalçin S, Aral I, et al. Early Stage Impacts of Tonsillectomy on Immune Functions of Children. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 2003; 67:1311-1315.
Zelazowska-Rutkowska B, Ilendo E, Skotnicka B, Wysocka J, Kasprzycka E. Production of Cytokines by Mononuclear Cells of Hypertrophic Adenoids in Children with Otitis Media with Effusion. Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica. 2012; 50(4):586-589.
Wong C, Ho C, Ko F, Chan C, Ho A, Hui D, et al. Proinflammatory Cytokines (IL-17, IL-6, IL-18 and IL-12) and Th Cytokines (IFN-g, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13) in Patients with Allergic Asthma. Clin Exp Immunol. 2001; 125:177-183.
Canoz M, Erdenen F, Uzun H, Muderrisoglu C, Aydin S. The Relationship of Inflammatory Cytokines with Asthma and Obesity. Clin Invest Med. 2008; 31(6):E373-E379.
Akcay A, Tamay Z, DaÄŸdeviren E, Guler N, Ones U, Kara C, et al. Childhood Asthma and Its Relationship with Tonsillar Tissue. Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology. 2006 24:129-134.
