HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS PRODUKSI SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACID (SCFA) PADA SINDROM METABOLIK DAN DERAJAT FIBROSIS HATI PADA PASIEN NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/majalahkesehatan.2024.011.04.2Keywords:
SCFA, sindrom metabolik, fibrosis hati, NAFLDAbstract
Saluran pencernaan dan hati memiliki interaksi anatomis dan fungsional yang kuat, yang disebut dengan gut-liver axis (GLA). GLA terdiri dari komponen-komponen yang kompleks, apabila terjadi perubahan pada salah satu komponen seperti disbiosis mikrobiota usus, maka dapat berpengaruh terhadap fungsi hati. Disbiosis mikrobiota usus dapat dinilai dari perubahan hasil fermentasi mikrobiota usus yaitu asam lemak rantai pendek (short chain fatty acid/SCFA) yang terdiri dari asetat, propionat, dan butirat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan aktivitas produksi SCFA dengan sindrom metabolik dan derajat fibrosis hati, serta membandingkan aktivitas produksi SCFA pasien non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) dengan subjek kontrol. Studi cross-sectional terhadap 27 pasien NAFLD dan 10 subjek kontrol dengan sampel penelitian berupa feses. Derajat fibrosis hati diukur menggunakan transient elastography dan kadar SCFA diukur menggunakan teknik pemeriksaan gas chromatography. Analisis data dengan uji Chi-square, independent t-test dan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara kadar SCFA dengan sindrom metabolik dengan korelasi negatif (r = -0,381, p = 0,020), terdapat hubungan antara kadar SCFA dengan derajat fibrosis hati pasien NAFLD dengan korelasi negatif (r = -0,665, p = 0,001), dan didapatkan penurunan signifikan kadar SCFA pada pasien NAFLD dibandingkan subjek kontrol (total SCFA p = 0,001, asam asetat p < 0,001, asam propionat p = 0,005, asam butirat p < 0,001). Kesimpulan, terdapat penurunan signifikan kadar SCFA pada pasien NAFLD dibandingkan subjek kontrol. Semakin rendah kadar SCFA berhubungan dengan semakin tinggi risiko terjadinya sindrom metabolik dan semakin tinggi derajat fibrosis hati pada pasien NAFLD.
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