PERBEDAAN KARAKTERISTIK BALITA DAN KELUARGA DENGAN DAN TANPA HOUSEHOLD DOUBLE BURDEN MALNUTRITION DI KOTA SEMARANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/majalahkesehatan.2024.011.02.2Keywords:
balita, obesitas, pendidikan orang tua, SCOM, stuntingAbstract
Household Double Burden Malnutrition dapat terjadi dalam satu rumah tangga. Salah satunya dikenal dengan fenomena Stunted Children and Overweight/Obese Mothers (SCOM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan karakteristik balita dan keluarga Normal Children Overweight/Obese Mothers (NCOM), Normal Children Normal Mothers (NCNM), Stunted Children Normal Mothers (SCNM) atau Stunted Children and Overweight/Obese Mothers (SCOM. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain kasus-kontrol. Jumlah subjek penelitian adalah 72 anak usia 6-36 bulan di kota Semarang (36 subjek balita stunting dan 36 subjek balita normal). Subjek stunting dipilih secara sampel purposif dan subjek kontrol dipilih dengan mencocokkan usia dan jenis kelamin dengan subjek stunting. Data karakteristik diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, pengukuran antropometri anak meliputi pengukuran BB dan PB (anak usia ≤2 tahun) atau TB (anak usia >2 tahun), dan pengukuran antropometri ibu meliputi BB, TB, LP, dan LiLA. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat (one way Anova/ Kruskall-Wallis test). Terdapat perbedaan hasil pengukuran antropometri balita pada kelompok SCOM, SCNM, NCOM, dan NCNM yang meliputi indikator BB aktual, LiLA, z-score BB/PB atau BB/TB, z-score BB/U, dan z-score PB/U atau TB/U (p < 0,001). Terdapat perbedaan pendidikan ayah dan ibu antara kelompok balita stunting (SCOM dan SCNM) dengan kelompok balita normal (NCOM dan NCNM) (p = 0,009 dan p = 0,036). Terdapat perbedaan pengukuran antropometri aktual (BB, IMT, dan Lingkar pinggang), dan pengukuran antropometri selama kehamilan (BB sebelum hamil dan LiLA selama hamil) pada 4 kelompok (p < 0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan karakteristik lain pada balita, ayah, dan ibu pada 4 kelompok. Kelompok NCNM memiliki antropometri anak dan ibu yang lebih baik dibandingkan kelompok NCOM, SCOM, dan SCNM. Pendidikan orang tua pada kelompok SCOM cenderung lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok lainnya.
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