FAKTOR RISIKO AKUISISI BAKTERI CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT Acinetobacter baumannii PADA PASIEN DENGAN VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/majalahkesehatan.2024.011.01.1Keywords:
Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Ventilator associated pneumoniaAbstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii (CRAB) merupakan bakteri patogen prioritas penyebab Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) dengan pilihan antibiotik terbatas sehingga meningkatkan angka kematian dan biaya perawatan. Di Indonesia, faktor yang menentukan penularan bakteri CRAB pada pasien VAP belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko akuisisi bakteri CRAB pada pasien VAP yang meliputi gender, umur, durasi penggunaan ventilator mekanik, durasi perawatan di Intensive Care Unit (ICU), riwayat intubasi ulang, riwayat penyakit penyerta, durasi terapi antibiotik meropenem, dan skor APACHE II. Penelitian case-control dilakukan sejak bulan Juni 2018 hingga Juni 2019 di RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. Pada penelitian ini sebanyak 12 orang pasien VAP dengan akuisisi bakteri CRAB sebagai kelompok kasus dan 12 pasien VAP dengan akuisisi Carbapenem-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii (CSAB) sebagai kelompok kontrol dianalisis faktor risikonya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan durasi perawatan di ICU lebih dari 8 hari (OR = 10, 95%CI = 1,360-81,053; p = 0,024) serta durasi terapi meropenem lebih dari 5 hari (OR = 17,9, 95%CI = 1,267-250,000; p = 0,032) berhubungan dengan akuisisi CRAB pada pasien VAP. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa perawatan di ICU lebih dari 8 hari dan penggunaan meropenem lebih dari 5 hari merupakan faktor risiko akuisisi CRAB pada pasien VAP. Tindakan pencegahan akuisisi CRAB sangat penting pada pasien yang terpasang ventilator mekanik di ICU.
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