HUBUNGAN GANGGUAN KOGNITIF DENGAN DEPRESI DAN AKTIVITAS PENYAKIT PASIEN LUPUS ERITEMATOSUS SISTEMIK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/majalahkesehatan.2022.009.03.1Keywords:
aktivitas penyakit, depresi, gangguan kognitif, lupusAbstract
Lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES) adalah suatu penyakit inflamasi kronis yang mempengaruhi banyak organ termasuk sistem saraf pusat. Prevalensi gejala neuropsikiatri berupa gangguan kognitif pada pasien masih cukup tinggi. Gangguan kognitif pada domain memori, eksekutif, dan atensi akan menyebabkan pasien LES mengalami depresi. Pasien LES yang mengalami depresi akan menyebabkan hasil pengobatan yang buruk. Gangguan kognitif juga berhubungan dengan aktivitas penyakit LES. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan gangguan kognitif dengan depresi dan peningkatan aktivitas penyakit pasien LES. Metode penelitian ini observasi cross sectional. Subjek penelitian ialah 82 pasien LES di RSUP Dr. Kariadi, Semarang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) untuk depresi, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MocA-Ina) untuk gangguan kognitif, dan Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) untuk aktivitas penyakit. Hasil menunjukkan prevalensi gangguan kognitif pada subjek penelitian adalah 64,6% dengan domain memori paling sering terganggu. Prevalensi depresi sebesar 57,3%. Proporsi pasien gangguan kognitif dengan depresi lebih banyak (62,3%) dibandingkan tanpa depresi. Aktivitas penyakit berat memiliki prevalensi paling tinggi yakni 54,4%. Gejala aktivitas penyakit paling sering didapatkan ialah alopesia dan artirtis (65,9%). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara gangguan kognitif dengan depresi (p = 0,151). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara gangguan kognitif dengan aktivitas penyakit LES (p = 0,009). Domain kognitif berhubungan dengan aktivitas penyakit LES (p = 0,02). Kesimpulan penelitian ini tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara gangguan kogntif terhadap depresi pada pasien LES dan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara gangguan kognitif dengan aktivitas penyakit pasien LES.
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